{"id":2346,"date":"2020-09-07T18:47:44","date_gmt":"2020-09-07T08:47:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cognav.net\/?p=2346"},"modified":"2020-09-07T18:47:44","modified_gmt":"2020-09-07T08:47:44","slug":"how-does-the-brain-correct-cumulative-error-in-the-path-integration-system-plastically-and-adaptively","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/?p=2346","title":{"rendered":"How does the brain correct cumulative error in the path-integration system plastically and adaptively?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jayakumar, R.P., Madhav, M.S., Savelli, F. et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-019-0939-3\"><strong>Recalibration of path integration in hippocampal place cells<\/strong><\/a>. Nature 566, 533\u2013537 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-019-0939-3<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abstract<br \/>\n&#8220;<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Hippocampal place cells are spatially tuned neurons that serve as elements of a \u2018cognitive map\u2019 in the mammalian brain<\/span><\/strong>1. To detect the animal\u2019s location, place cells are thought to rely upon two interacting mechanisms: sensing the position of the animal relative to familiar landmarks2,3 and <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">measuring the distance and direction that the animal has travelled from previously occupied locations<\/span><\/strong>4,5,6,7. <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">T<\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">he latter mechanism\u2014known as path integration\u2014requires a finely tuned gain factor that relates the animal\u2019s self-movement to the updating of position on the internal cognitive map, as well as external landmarks to correct the positional error that accumulates<\/span><\/strong>8,9. Models of hippocampal place cells and entorhinal grid cells based on path integration treat the path-integration gain as a constant9,10,11,12,13,14, but behavioural evidence in humans suggests that the gain is modifiable15. <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Here we show<\/span><\/strong>, using physiological evidence from rat hippocampal place cells, <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">that the path-integration gain is a highly plastic variable that can be altered by persistent conflict between self-motion cues and feedback from external landmarks<\/span><\/strong>. In an augmented-reality system, visual landmarks were moved in proportion to the movement of a rat on a circular track, creating continuous conflict with path integration. Sustained exposure to this cue conflict resulted in predictable and prolonged recalibration of the path-integration gain, as estimated from the place cells after the landmarks were turned off. <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">We propose that this rapid plasticity keeps the positional update in register with the movement of the rat in the external world over behavioural timescales<\/span><\/strong>. These results also demonstrate that <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">visual landmarks not only provide a signal to correct cumulative error in the path-integration system4,8,16,17,18,19, but also rapidly fine-tune the integration computation itself.<\/span><\/strong>&#8220;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jayakumar, R.P., Madhav, M.S., Savelli, F. et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-019-0939-3\"><strong>Recalibration of path integration in hippocampal place cells<\/strong><\/a>. Nature 566, 533\u2013537 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-019-0939-3<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jayakumar, R.P., Madhav, M.S., Savelli, F. et al. Recalibration of path integration in hippocampal place cells. Nature 566, 533\u2013537 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-019-0939-3 Abstract &#8220;Hippocampal place cells are spatially tuned neurons that serve as elements of a \u2018cognitive map\u2019 in the mammalian brain1. To detect the animal\u2019s location, place cells are thought to rely upon two interacting [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[292,733,392,848],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2346"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2346"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2347,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2346\/revisions\/2347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}