{"id":2457,"date":"2021-08-18T10:55:55","date_gmt":"2021-08-18T00:55:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cognav.net\/?p=2457"},"modified":"2021-08-18T10:55:55","modified_gmt":"2021-08-18T00:55:55","slug":"how-do-3d-grid-cells-represent-3d-space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/?p=2457","title":{"rendered":"How do 3D grid cells represent 3D space?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-bibliographic-information__citation\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gily Ginosar, Johnatan Aljadeff, Yoram Burak, Haim Sompolinsky, Liora Las &amp; Nachum Ulanovsky.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-021-03783-x\"><strong>Locally ordered representation of 3D space in the entorhinal cortex<\/strong><\/a>.\u00a0<i>Nature<\/i>\u00a0(2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-021-03783-x<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Abstract<br \/>\n&#8220;As animals navigate on a two-dimensional surface, neurons in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) known as grid cells are activated when the animal passes through multiple locations (firing fields) arranged in a hexagonal lattice that tiles the locomotion surface1. <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">However, although our world is three-dimensional, it is unclear how the MEC represents 3D space<\/span><\/strong>2. Here<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong> we recorded from MEC cells in freely flying bats and identified several classes of spatial neurons, including 3D border cells, 3D head-direction cells, and neurons with multiple 3D firing fields<\/strong><\/span>. <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Many of these multifield neurons were 3D grid cells, whose neighbouring fields were separated by a characteristic distance\u2014forming a local order\u2014but lacked any global lattice arrangement of the fields<\/span><\/strong>. Thus, whereas 2D grid cells form a global lattice\u2014characterized by both local and global order\u2014<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">3D grid cells exhibited only local order, creating a locally ordered metric for space<\/span><\/strong>. <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">We modelled grid cells as emerging from pairwise interactions between fields, which yielded a hexagonal lattice in 2D and local order in 3D<\/span><\/strong>, thereby <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">describing<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">both 2D and 3D grid cells using one unifying model<\/span><\/strong>. Together, these data and model illuminate the fundamental differences and similarities between neural codes for 3D and 2D space in the mammalian brain.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gily Ginosar, Johnatan Aljadeff, Yoram Burak, Haim Sompolinsky, Liora Las &amp; Nachum Ulanovsky.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-021-03783-x\"><strong>Locally ordered representation of 3D space in the entorhinal cortex<\/strong><\/a>.\u00a0<i>Nature<\/i>\u00a0(2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-021-03783-x<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gily Ginosar, Johnatan Aljadeff, Yoram Burak, Haim Sompolinsky, Liora Las &amp; Nachum Ulanovsky.\u00a0Locally ordered representation of 3D space in the entorhinal cortex.\u00a0Nature\u00a0(2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-021-03783-x Abstract &#8220;As animals navigate on a two-dimensional surface, neurons in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) known as grid cells are activated when the animal passes through multiple locations (firing fields) arranged in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[390,846,389,96],"tags":[347],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2457"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2457"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2457\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2458,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2457\/revisions\/2458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2457"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2457"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2457"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}