{"id":2501,"date":"2021-11-28T12:09:43","date_gmt":"2021-11-28T02:09:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cognav.net\/?p=2501"},"modified":"2021-11-28T12:09:43","modified_gmt":"2021-11-28T02:09:43","slug":"how-does-the-monarch-butterfly-modulate-heading-representation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/?p=2501","title":{"rendered":"How does the monarch butterfly modulate heading representation?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M. Jerome Beetz,\u00a0Christian Kraus,\u00a0Myriam Franzke,\u00a0Eric J. Warrant,\u00a0Christine Merlin,\u00a0Basil el Jundi. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2021.11.009\"><strong>Flight-induced compass representation in the monarch butterfly heading network<\/strong><\/a>.\u00a0Current Biology,\u00a02021,\u00a0 Published:November 24, 2021 DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2021.11.009<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Summary<br \/>\n&#8220;For navigation, animals use a robust internal compass. <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Compass navigation is crucial for long-distance migrating animals like monarch butterflies, which use the sun to navigate over 4,000 km to their overwintering sites every fall<\/span><\/strong>. <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Sun-compass neurons of the central complex have only been recorded in immobile butterflies, and experimental evidence for encoding the animal\u2019s heading in these neurons is still missing<\/span><\/strong>. Although the activity of central-complex neurons exhibits a locomotor-dependent modulation in many insects, the function of such modulations remains unexplored. Here, we developed tetrode recordings from tethered flying monarch butterflies to reveal <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">how flight modulates heading representation<\/span><\/strong>. We found that, <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">during flight, heading-direction neurons change their tuning, transforming the central-complex network to function as a global compass<\/span><\/strong>. This compass is characterized by the dominance of processing steering feedback and allows for <strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">robust heading representation even under unreliable visual scenarios, an ideal strategy for maintaining a migratory heading over enormous distances<\/span><\/strong>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M. Jerome Beetz,\u00a0Christian Kraus,\u00a0Myriam Franzke,\u00a0Eric J. Warrant,\u00a0Christine Merlin,\u00a0Basil el Jundi. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2021.11.009\"><strong>Flight-induced compass representation in the monarch butterfly heading network<\/strong><\/a>.\u00a0Current Biology,\u00a02021,\u00a0 Published:November 24, 2021 DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2021.11.009<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M. Jerome Beetz,\u00a0Christian Kraus,\u00a0Myriam Franzke,\u00a0Eric J. Warrant,\u00a0Christine Merlin,\u00a0Basil el Jundi. Flight-induced compass representation in the monarch butterfly heading network.\u00a0Current Biology,\u00a02021,\u00a0 Published:November 24, 2021 DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2021.11.009 Summary &#8220;For navigation, animals use a robust internal compass. Compass navigation is crucial for long-distance migrating animals like monarch butterflies, which use the sun to navigate over 4,000 km to their [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96,468,346],"tags":[940,939,941],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2501"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2501"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2501\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2502,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2501\/revisions\/2502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/braininspirednavigation.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}