The following lectures are presented in the NEUROSCIENCE SYMPOSIUM : BRAIN MECHANISMS OF NAVIGATION IN PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE SPACES at Central European University in August 31, 2017.
This is a special symposium with four outstanding scientist (three Nobel laureates and one Brain Prize winner) …
From inilabs.com
Conventional vision sensors see the world as a series of frames. Successive frames contain enormous amounts of redundant information, wasting memory access, RAM, disk space, energy, computational power and time. In addition, each frame imposes the …
From GeospatialWorld by Harsha Vardhan September 22, 2017
High Definition Maps or HD Maps are the new generation maps that are powering machines and self-driving cars & autonomous cars. Read this article to understand everything about HD Maps. Full credit for …
ANYmal is a quadrupedal robot designed for autonomous operation in challenging environments. Driven by special compliant and precisely torque controllable actuators, the system is capable of dynamic running and high-mobile climbing. Thanks to incorporated laser sensors and cameras, the robot …
Margarita Zaleshina, Alexander Zaleshin
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
(Zaleshina, terbiosorg)@gmail.com
The paper provides an overview of brain mapping in neuroscience and describe the application of spatial data processing techniques to represent the brain as …
Bat brain signals illuminate navigation in the dark
Read more in the Science News https://www.sciencenews.org/article/bat-brain-signals-illuminate-navigation-dark …
为什么类脑(Rat-Brained)机器人能够在不熟悉的地形中进行很好地导航
Why Rat-Brained Robots Are So Good at Navigating Unfamiliar Terrain
运行模拟大鼠导航神经元的算法,能够使重型机器在澳大利亚的地下矿山中进行作业。
Jean Kumagai 1 June, 2017 翻译:Fangwen Yu 原文链接:IEEE Spectrum
Photo: Dan Saelinger
如果你把一只普通的棕色老鼠放在一个实验室的迷宫或地铁隧道里,它将立即开始探索周围的环境,嗅闻边缘,对着角落和障碍物,将其胡须刷在表面上。 过了一会儿,它会回到起步的地方,从此,它将把探索过的地形视为熟悉的环境。
机器人科学家长期以来一直梦想着给机器人创造类似的导航技能。 为了让机器人能够在我们的环境中变得更有用,机器人就必须具备在周围环境中靠自己寻路的能力。 有些机器人已经在家庭、办公室、仓库、医院、酒店以及自驾车,甚至整个城市范围内的环境中正在学习找路。尽管如此,这些机器人平台仍然难以在轻微挑战的条件下可靠地运行。 例如,自主驾驶车辆可能配备了复杂的传感器和前方道路的精细地图,但是司机仍然需要在大雨或下雪或夜间进行控制。
相比之下,棕色的老鼠是一个灵活的导航仪,在最恶劣的环境中也能找到路,比如在地下、地面等复杂情况下都没问题。 当一只老鼠探索一个不熟悉的区域时,在2克大脑中专门的神经元会放电或产生尖峰,对地标或边界产生响应。其他神经元以规则的距离形成尖峰, 每20厘米一次,每米一次等等,这样就形成一种空间的心理表征。还有其他的神经元就像一个内部的罗盘,记录着动物头部转动的方向。总而言之,这种神经活动允许大鼠记住它去过哪儿以及怎样到达那。 无论何时当沿着相同的道路行走,尖峰会加强,使大鼠的导航更加健壮。…
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